mutualistic symbiosis

Teamwork in the Wild: The Wattled Starling and the Wildebeest

A Wattled Starling perches on the back of a wildebeest in the African savanna, demonstrating mutualism.

In the vast landscapes of the African savanna, few sights are as charming as the Wattled Starling (Creatophora cinerea) hitching a ride on the back of a wildebeest.

The starling pictured here lacks the distinctive black and yellow facial markings of a breeding male, suggesting it may be a non-breeding male or a female. Regardless of its status, this bird is on a mission.

The Science of a Free Ride

Starlings hang out with their "big friends" for one primary reason: food. As a wildebeest moves through the grass, its massive weight stirs up clouds of insects. Additionally, the wildebeest’s tough hide is often home to ectoparasites—such as ticks, mites, or fly larvae—which are a prized delicacy for the bird.

In exchange for a mobile buffet, the starling provides a cleaning service, removing pests that would otherwise irritate or harm the host.

Mutualistic Symbiosis: Why We Work Better in Teams

This relationship is a textbook example of mutualistic symbiosis, where both species benefit from the interaction. It’s a natural "win-win."

Beyond the biology, there is a proverbial lesson here. Just like the bird and the beast, we often find our greatest success when we lean into our unique roles to help one another. It’s a reminder of why we work better in teams:

  • Shared Goals: Both parties get what they need.

  • Unique Strengths: The wildebeest provides the platform; the starling provides the precision.

  • Efficiency: They accomplish more together than they ever could alone.

Either way, this bird is hungry, ready to help, and proof that teamwork is wired into the system.

Reminds me of Ecclesiastes 4:9-12 (NIV): “Two are better than one, because they have a good return for their labor: If either of them falls down, one can help the other up.”

Wait! Here’s a thought

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Why do birds Hitchhike on Big Game in Africa?

Wattled Starlings hitch a ride on the back of a zebra.

If you look closely at the big game of East Africa, you’ll notice they rarely travel alone. Birds often hitch rides on the backs of zebras, buffalo, and wildebeests for a high-protein “free meal.”

A Symbiotic Snack

The birds in this shot—likely immature or female Wattled Starlings (Creatophora cinerea)—are expert opportunists. As the heavy mammals move through the grass, they stir up a cloud of tasty treats.

Look closer at the photo: those tiny specks in the air aren't dust on my lens! Those are flying insects flushed out of the brush, providing an easy buffet for our feathered friends. In exchange for the ride, the starlings often help their hosts by picking off annoying ticks and parasites. It’s the ultimate win-win.

See the Drama for Yourself

There is nothing like witnessing these small details of the savanna in person. From the “gnu-ing” of the wildebeests to the mid-air hunts of the starlings, every moment is a masterclass in design.

Hitch a ride to Africa with us in 2026 or 2027! Whether you're a birdwatcher, a photographer, or just a lover of adventure, our next safari is calling.